The 2014 China Agriculture Outlook Conference was held in Beijing on April, 20. The Conference was hosted by the Agricultural Information Institute (AII) of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS).
At the Conference, Xu Shiwei, AII Director General, released the China Agriculture Outlook Report (2014-2023), the first of its kind in China, along with sub-reports covering major agricultural products including grain, cotton, oil seeds, sugar, meat, poultry, eggs, dairy products, vegetables and fruits. The Report reflects achievements made by China's agriculture monitoring and early-warning system, and opens a new chapter in China's efforts to forecast market trends to provide guidance to markets and take the initiative to react to changes in international markets.
According to the Report, in the next decade, new-type operation system will instill more vitality to agricultural production, and agricultural development patterns will continue to transform mainly driven by and science and technology advancement. The Report points out that agriculture in China will continue to enjoy a favourable policy environment, and the application of IT technology will bring new opportunities for agriculture. The Report also states that, meanwhile, China will face rising production constraints due to scarcity of land and water resource and increasing risks in production caused by climate change. Despite that the demand growth for agricultural products will be slightly higher than production growth, the bowls of the Chinese people will continue to be firmly set in their own hands.
The Report has made predictions and forecasts about the production, demand and trade of major agricultural products in China for the next decade:
General speaking, production of major agricultural products will show a steady and upward trend in the next decade. The output of rice, wheat, sugar and vegetables will increase steadily. The output of aquatic products, beef, mutton, feed, maize, oil seeds, poultry and eggs will grow rapidly. The dairy production will grow by an average annual rate of 3.5%, the fastest among the products covered by the Report. Strong growth will be seen in demand for major agricultural products with over 2% annual growth for aquatic products, milk, maize, sugar and fruits and moderate growth for meat, wheat, rice, cotton and vegetables. China will maintain a high level of self sufficiency in rice, wheat and maize, and achieve the goal of general sufficiency in grains and absolute security of food grain. Cooking oil production will increase steadily, leading to a decline in import. Soybean import growth will slow down substantially with the annual import volume expected to reach 73 million tons in 2023. Cotton production, as affected by changing policies, will fall in terms of planting area and output while its consumption will grow slowly. There will be robust growth in sugar consumption while its production growth is expected to be mild, leading to a drop in self-sufficiency level. The growth of meat production will fall slight behind consumption growth, and the import is expected to rise. The demand of poultry, eggs, vegetables and fruits for processing will grow rapidly, but the trade balance of these products will remain in surplus. Aquatic production will continue to increase due to development in aquaculture. Feed production is expected to grow at an annual rate of 2.3% mainly due to growth in compound feed production while feed consumption will also grow steadily.
The Report came to the conclusion that agriculture in China will continue to provide fundamental support to China's economic development, and China will make new contributions to world food security and safety.
According to Mr. Xu Shiwei, agricultural outlook work is a technical tool to predict future trends in agricultural development by using current information. Its core is to release supply and demand information and forecast market changes. It is a common practice for International organisations and many nations to hold agriculture outlook conferences and release outlook reports to provide information service to agriculture, regulate agricultural market, and guide international agricultural trade. In order to improve agricultural information monitoring and early warning, Ministry of Agriculture has set up an expert committee composed of analysts groups for 18 major agricultural products including grain, cotton, cooking oil, meat, eggs, milk, vegetables and fruits. The Agricultural Information Institute of CAAS, based on its years of research, has established the China Agriculture Monitoring and Early-warning System, which is the technical foundation for systematic monitoring and early-warning work.
Apart from the Agricultural Information Institute, experts and researchers of a range of institutes including the MOA Research Centre for Rural Economy, MOA Information Centre and MOA Agricultural Trade Promotion Centre have also contributed to the China Agricultural Outlook Report (2014-2023), which reflects all major achievements made by China in the area of agricultural outlook.
